مرکز انجمنهای تخصصی

  



  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]در ایران و در   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]این دو دسته پرواز میکنند  ← IFR & Controlled  

- AIP → State Of The Authority Of State
- PAN → Urgent & Distress Signal
- VFR subject to control → control airspace (instrument\visual)
- intercepted aircraft shall follow intercepting aircraft visual signal
  30 [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]دقیقه قبل از باطل شدن   Plan [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]باید آنرا تمدید کنیم  .  
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]در ایران  QNH [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]تا فاصله   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]مایلی معتبر است  .  

- we shall switch landing light twice if controller required .
- upper level of FL280 = FL310
- carry oxygen mask in pressurized airplane above the 25 000 feet
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]در ایران  QNH [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]بر اساس  .P [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]است وقتی درخواست شود  .  
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]در ایران   flight level [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]برای پروازهای   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]برابر با   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]است  .  

- sigmet → 1 hour & flying time ahead of aircraft
- FDR minimum duration → 25 hours
- CVR minimum duration → 30 minutes
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]در زمان پرواز روی آب در   range [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]باید دو رادیو داشته باشیم  .  

- 2 time in year pilot shall check
- Survival radio equipment on VHF frequency
- in case of loss pressurized we have warning at less than 370 HPA
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]اگر   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]مایل از ساحل فاصله بگیریم اجباری است برای هر مسافر یک جلیقه نجات داشته باشیم  .  

- control VFR enroute shall be equipped with magnetic compass .
- airplane is authorized to refueled when passenger embarring according annex 6 &14
- an aerodrome which may be listed in the flight plan an aerodrome of intended landing
- flight plan → specified information provide to ATS unit , relative to an intended flight or portion of a flight of an aircraft
- long range over water → 2 hours with 400 NM speed & 30 min or 100 NM which is less
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]در پرواز   Range [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]روی آب باید جلیقه نجات به تعداد یا قایق برای همه افراد و حد اقل دو رادیوی سیار   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]که منبع نیروی آن غیر از خود هواپیما باشد  .  

- for period of 3 month required completed flight predation according annex 6
- radio failure in IMC → descend from the designated nav aid of destination at EAT or last acknowledge ETA
- IFR to visual approach → ceiling at or above the initial approach level
- report of next position and time over is on request
- position report → over or soon as possible after passing the compulsory reporting point
- aircraft with max mass of 5700 Kg shall be equipped with type IIa F.D.R
- aircraft with max mass of 27 000 Kg shall be equipped with type II F.D.R
- for operation above level FL490 shall have indicator to indicate solar cosmic radiation
- above 376 HPA shall be use oxygen mask → positive warning for pilot
- when carry 10% oxygen → operating at a level with 623 HPA
- operator shall be record oil and fuel for 3 mounts
- authorize carriage maximum 9 person or over 5700 feet without GPWS (ground proximity warning system)
- within 10 day we should report emergency case
- 30 minutes fuel over destination and alternate is compute at 1500 feet
- emergency power supply shall be minimum have a 30 minutes power
- every 20→40 (~30 minutes) minutes flight shall be report operational normal
- not above FL20 in Iran VFR flight is subject to control
- repetitive flight plan shall be filed for IFR
- flashing all available light it’s a initial signal from intercepting aircraft
- we will answer to tower in night during radio failed in pattern with switch twice navigation light
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]وقتی هواپیمای   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]شده باند را میبیند باید در ارتفاع   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]تا   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]پایی   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]بزند  . 

- advisory service → IFR flight plan
- AIP published by State
- when set QNH → height
- when set QNE → FL
- VMC climb & descend shall be take in day light
- minimum ceiling for VFR = 1500 feet
- for a reasonable period of time can fly in uninterrupted VMC
- IFR flight can execute visual approach
- IFR level shall be selected for CVFR
- heavy wake turbulence → call HEAVY in initial contact & after call sign
- say Heavy to approach control office
- at least 3 light unobstructed on aircraft
- VFR over congested area → 1000 feet
- above FL490 aircraft shall be equipped indicator to measure total cosmic
- VFR in control airspace shall use IFR level
- according operational flight plan aircraft shall adhere itself
- say operational normal every 30 minutes
- repetitive flight plan only for IFR flight
- VFR subject to control in TMA
- QNH → altitude
- in case of radio loss in IMC shall follow Current F.P.L
- transponder code 7500 = unlawful interference
- transponder code 7700 = intercepted aircraft
- urgent message → pan
- upper west bound level above FL280 = FL310
- lowest FL in Iran = 1500 , 1000 feet
- method of the specifying of minimum flight altitude in operational for non schedule
  [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]بالای ارتفاع   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]پا خلبان باید حتما اکسیژن داشته باشد و مسافرین باید بالای   [FONT=Times New Roman (Arabic)]پا اکسیژن مصرف کند  . 

- Turbo jet (without alternate) : departure → destination + 2 hours
- Turbo jet (with alternate) : departure → destination → alternate + 30 minutes
- Propeller (without alternate) : departure → destination + 2 hours Or 45 min + 15%
- Flight plan submitted → 60 min before departure
- Advisory service for IFR → class F
- Deference annex12 & ICAO in AIP → SAR
- Deference annex10 & ICAO in AIP → CCM
- Type Of Fuel Of Each Aerodrome → AGA
- Deference Of Annex & DOC 4444 & Specification of air way → RAC

  
1013.8→ 
1013.2→1013. 
995.2→1013.  .1→995.    [SIZE=85]NH                     +   +   +   +     



- approach CAT I : height not lower than 200 feet and visibility not lower than 800 meter or RVR not lower than 550 meter
- approach CAT II : height not lower than 200 feet but not lower than 100 feet and RVR not lower than 350 meter
- night → between the end of evening civil twilight & beginning of morning civil twilight
- civil twilight → the center of the sun disc is 6° below the horizon
- if have a case of emergency → pilot shall be report to local authority without delay and within 10 day report to state of registry
- airworthiness of aircraft → over 5700 Kg
- VFR navigation → more than 60 NM
- RNP → required navigation performance
- navigation light red & green 110° and whit 140°
- ceiling → more than half below 20 000 feet
                                                       's         


    AIRCRAFT SHALL BE EQUIPED      least one portable fire      comportment & separate passenger compartment      belt for each seat      manual or other document      for the rout      fuse      harness for crew      with search & rescue aid     
    IFR SHALL BE EQUIPED           timer           indicator      indicator           for supply power          for communication      side air temperature     
    VFR SHALL BE           timer           indicator      FLIGHT IN                in each passenger      for communication      torch     

    Information      descent rate      terrain closer      altitude loss after T.O or Go-Around      terrain clearance      not lock      not in landing position      descend below instrument glide     
        to establish method of      to establish training program to      to establish flight check system      to establish provide operational manual     
    OF THE      to approve formulation of flight      the aerodrome operating minima      operating supervision     
    IN      aircraft during flight time      safety of all crew & passenger &     

- state → responsible to approved and established Instrument approach
- state of registry → prescribed instrument & equipment in aircraft
- navigation equipment → flight plan + RNP type + air traffic service

منبع:mehdianami.blogfa.com